IMT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE ARTS AND SCIENCES
IMT International Journal of the Arts and Sciences (IJOTAS) is a blind/peer-reviewed multidisciplinary international journal. In two versions, electronic and print, the journal primarily seeks to create a window for academics and professionals from a wide-range of disciplines to make public their original researches and strong opinions, for the dissemination of knowledge and the application of same in the overall growth and development of the individual and society in Nigeria and the world at large. Papers are accepted from scholars and professionals in the broad areas of education; arts, language & communication; management, business and financial studies; law, leadership and social sciences; and engineering, health, pure and applied sciences. Hence the journal is an assemblage of knowledge and helps to facilitate greater communication between scholars and professionals from the different walks of life.
Institute of Management and Technology (IMT), Enugu
Deixis as a Discourse Marker in Informal Conversations
The study of deictic expression is important in language because the absence of deictic information invariably affects interpretation in an utterance. Words are deictic, if their semantic meaning is fixed, but their denotation meaning varies; depending on time and/ or place. For effective communication to take place in deictic usage, the major types of deixis - person, time and place- must be considered. The study employs a qualitative methodology in analyzing these major deictic elements in selected informal conversations (talk), examining their linguistic functions as discourse markers and information codes that facilitate effective communication in informal contexts. The findings support the fact that the use of deictic elements are paramount in personalized communications, which cut across every area of human interaction.
Copyright (c) 2025 IMT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE ARTS AND SCIENCES
AN EXAMINATION OF CORPORATE TAX ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA, (2018 – 2022)
The study is titled“ An examination of corporate tax on economic growth in Nigeria, 2018 - 2022” the specific objectives were to: ascertain whether company income tax has significant influence on gross domestic product in Nigeria; ascertain whether petroleum profit tax has significant influence on gross domestic product in Nigeria; determine whether value added tax has significant influence on gross domestic product in Nigeria. The ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study to analysis the secondary data covering 2018 to 2022. The sources of data for this study were obtained from the statistical bulletin from Central Bank of Nigeria and reports of Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS). The study employed regression model based on the classical linear regression model otherwise known as Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique. The empirical findings revealed that: Company income tax, Petroleum profit tax and, Value added tax has significant influence on gross domestic product in Nigeria since the significance value of (p-value) of 0.00 ˂ 0.05. This means that the model is statistical significant. in conclusion it therefore stated that overwhelming positive relationship between all the corporate tax sources including company income tax, petroleum profit tax and, value added tax on Nigeria has significant influence on economic growth. It therefore recommends that to increase rate of growth of petroleum profit tax, the government should tackle the challenges that surround the generating of the revenue through company income tax, petroleum profit tax and, value added tax of the corporate bodies.
Generalized Inclusiveness and Exclusiveness Cases of Permutations and Combinations
The concept of set theory is widely used in our everyday activities. The idea of subsets is to play safe while experimenting with the elements of the parent set (also called universal set, ‘U’), to ensure that each subset is distinct from others (by inclusiveness or exclusiveness of one or more of the elements. The elements are uniquely identified from one another, even when they have at least one common characteristic. In this work, the author constructed models used in handling cases of inclusiveness and exclusiveness of some elements of the universal set in the subsets. Considering the total number of subsets as a sample space of subsets of U, the author also introduced probability models to represent the number of required subsets
Engineering, Health, Pure and Applied Sciences
EXPLORING THE WONDERS OF SPACE TECHNOLOGY,ROCKETS, SATELLITES, AND SATELLITE LAUNCHING IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW.
The fascination with space and the quest to explore the cosmos have driven human innovation for centuries. Over the years, space exploration has always been considered a reserve of the developed countries and world’s superpowers. In recent years however, developing nations such as Nigeria, India, Chile and South Africa, have begun to change this view, by their participation in space technology and exploration. From the early days of rocket science to the current era of satellite technology, space exploration has become an integral part of modern life. The space technology program in Nigeria has been on a remarkable journey since its inception, with notable achievements in rocket and satellite technology. The National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA) is responsible for satellite operations and has been at the forefront of this journey, driving innovations and explorations. The goal of Nigerian space program is for socio-economic development, national security, development of indigenous satellite manufacturing and technology and the development of a national geospatial data infrastructure (NGDI). Nigeria through NASRDA has overseen satellite operations, including the launch of five satellites: NigeriaSat-1, NigeriaSat-2, NigeriaSat-X, NigComSat-1, and NigComSat-1R. This review will discuss rockets, satellites, and satellites launching, highlighting the key concepts, technologies, and applications that shape this exciting field. It will also discuss the Nigerian space programs, the challenges, contribution to national advancement and will recommend areas for improvement and sustainability.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND POLITICAL COMMUNICATION: EMPOWERING POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IN SELECTED SOUTHEAST STATES, NIGERIA
This article explores the role of Artificial Intelligence(AI) in enhancing political Communication and Empowering Political Participation in Selected Southeast States in Nigeria. In recent years, AI technologies have revolutionized various sectors, and their potential to transform political engagement and communication is increasingly recognized. This survey examines the current state of political participation in southeast Nigeria, identifies challenges faced by citizens, and demonstrates how AI applications can address these issues, leading to more inclusive, transparent, and engaging political processes using technology determinism and agenda setting theories. Deploying purposive sampling, to select 400 respondents from selected states of Ebonyi and Enugu States, Nigeria. Findings show that participation in politics has witnessed series of challenges, ranging from limited access to information, voter apathy and inefficiencies in governance structures often hinders citizens from fully engaging in the political affairs. Findings, however, contrast the notion that online media literacy especially AI tools usage is a barrier, which assume that uneducated people may not be able to manipulate them effectively. Results also demonstrate that AI application could be an excellent strategy for futuristic political development in the region. The study therefore recommends among other things, a training and retraining of staff members of Ebonyi State Independence electoral commission (EBSIEC) and Enugu State Independence electoral commission (ENSIEC) with other stakeholders to manage Artificial Intelligence apparatus effectively.
REGENERATION OF WASTE LUBRICANT USING ACTIVATED CARBON FROM ENUGU COAL
In this work, coal based activated carbon was used to produce high quality lubricating oil from the waste. The raw coal was subjected to a modified form of chemical activation with KOH as the activating agent. The waste oil was pretreated by filtration, dehydration, centrifugation to eliminate impurities. Then, the oil subjected to acid treatment by combination with acetic acid.The bleaching was conducted by mixing the acidic oil with a coal-based activated carbon at temperature of 1100C at a specific time interval. Later, the bleached oil was neutralized using hydrated lime. The regenerated oil was characterized. The results showed that all the assessed properties of the regenerated lubricant such as viscosity, flash point, pour point, water content, density etc improved tremendously from the waste one. Further analysis of these essential characteristics of the refined oil revealed that each of them met the minimum specification of the standard lubricating oil.
ETHNOCOMMUNICOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
The study of ethnocommunicology has shown great possibilities for promoting sustainable development. With an eye towards how they impact the production of knowledge, transfer, and comprehension, ethnocommunicology is the study of communication behaviours within different cultural groups. This research has shown how ethnocommunicology improves understanding among many stakeholders, enables culturally appropriate communication, and helps communities to be active participants in the construction of a sustainable future. According to the paper, there are obstacles on the road to combine sustainable growth with ethnocommunicology. The paper underlined that it is essential to eliminate power inequality, identify epistemological differences, and provide efficient means of recording and exploit this valuable knowledge. Luckily, new communication technologies provide interesting opportunities. Indigenous people may exchange information, participate in conversation, and make sure their opinions are heard by means of online resources, smartphone applications, and social media channels. Ethnocommunicology may act as a bridge by using these abilities to overcome obstacles and promote cooperation, thereby supporting culturally sensitive solutions, and finally guiding the way for a more fair and sustainable society for everyone.
EFFECT OF ETHICAL PRACTICES ON FINANCIAL REPORTING OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANK IN NIGERIA(A STUDY OF FIRST BANK OF NIGERIA PLC 2013 - 2023)
The research work entitled “Effect of ethical practices on financial reporting of deposit money bank in Nigeria: A Study of First Bank of Nigeria Plc 2013 – 2023”. The specific objectives of the study were to: examine the effects of integrity on the financial reporting of deposit money banks in Nigeria, determine the effect of professional competence on the financial reporting of deposit money banks in Nigeria, assess the effect of objectivity on the financial reporting of deposit money banks in Nigeria. A survey research design was adopted for the study. A total population of one hundred and fifty (150) staff were used for the study while sample size same of one hundred and nine (109) respondents were adopted. Data collected were analyzed using simple table and percentage analysis while the hypotheses formulated were tested using ordinary least square (OLS) techniques. The study revealed that integrity, professional competence and objectivity have significant effect on financial reporting of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study concludes that integrity has significant effect on financial reporting of deposit money banks in Nigeria, that professional competences have significant effect on the financial reporting of deposit money banks in Nigeria, and that objectivity has significant effect on financial reporting of deposit money banks in Nigeria. It therefore recommended that the management and board of deposit money banks should establish policies and make use of opportunities that foster the development of professional ethics among their staff so as to improve the timeliness and verifiability of their financial statement.
inclusiveness and exclusiveness cases in set theory experimentations
The concept of set theory is widely used in our everyday activities. The idea of subsets is to play safe while experimenting with the elements of the parent set (also called universal set, ‘U’), to ensure that each subset is distinct from others (by inclusiveness or exclusiveness of one or more of the elements. The elements are uniquely identified from one another, even when they have at least one common characteristic. In this work, the author constructed models used in handling cases of inclusiveness and exclusiveness of some elements of the universal set in the subsets. Considering the total number of subsets as a sample space of subsets of U, the author also introduced probability models to represent the number of required subsets.
RELIGIOSITY AND CONSUMER GREEN PURCHASE INTENTION IN ENUGU STATE NIGERIA:MODERATING EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN
This study investigated religiosity and green purchase intention in Enugu State, Nigeria: The moderating effect of environmental concern. Specifically the study examined whether religiosity has a significant effect on consumers’ green purchase intention in Enugu State, Nigeria; whether environmental concern has a significant effect on consumers’ green purchase intention in Enugu State, Nigeria; and whether environmental concern moderates the relationship between religiosity and consumers’ green purchase intention in Enugu State, Nigeria. A quantitative research design was conducted and survey questionnaire in Google Document was used for data collection from a population of 400 respondents selected from religious groups in Enugu State, Nigeria. Data collected from a sample of 384 respondents were analyzed using PLS AMOS 24.0 Structural Equation Modeling technique. Descriptive statistics was analyzed using tables, and frequencies aided by SPSS 22.0 version. This research resulted in findings that religiosity as well as environmental concern have significant effect on consumer green purchase intention, and environmental concern moderates the effect of religiosity on consumer green purchase intention. Hence, marketers especially those engaging in green products in Enugu State Nigeria need to pay important attention to the issues of sustainable consumption because high religiosity consumers with concern for the environment have high green purchase intentions
STRATEGIC MARKET ORIENTATION AND BRAND PREFERENCE AMONG FAST FOOD RESTAURANTS IN ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA
This study examined the effect of strategic market orientation on brand preference among fast food restaurants in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study is quantitative in nature. Data were sourced using primary and secondary sources. Questionnaires were the main instrument used for data collection. Three hypotheses were formulated and tested in line with the main objective of the study. The sample size of the study was 384 and this was randormly selected from managers of fast food restaurants in Enugu State.Multiple regression analysis was used to test the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. Results showed that market orientation variables including: customers’ orientation, competitors’ orientation, and inter-functional coordination have significant effect on brand preference among the fast food restaurants in Enugu state.
PREDICTORS OF CONSUMERS CHOICE OF NOODLE BRANDS IN ENUGU STATE
This study investigated the predictors of consumer choice of noodle brands in Enugu State. The specific objectives of the study were to determine the effect of prices, brand image, brand name, brand availability, and advertising on consumers ‘choice of noodle brands in Enugu State. To achieve these objectives, research questions and hypotheses were raised. A descriptive survey research was conducted and survey research design was adopted. Convenience and purposive sampling techniques were used to select a sample of 325 consumers from the population of consumers of noodle brands in Enugu State. A well- structured self-administered questionnaire was used for collection of data from the respondents. Correlation statistical tool was used for data analysis supported by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS. 22.0). The following findings were observed: that there was a significant effect of the predicting variables understudy including prices, brand image, brand name, brand availability, and advertising on consumers’ choice of noodle brands in Enugu State.It was concluded among others that the study has achieved its objective of establishing the extent to which these predicting factors affect consumers’ choice of noodle brands in Enugu State. Hence, the study recommended that brand managers, and top management of noodle producing and marketing organizations should key into the predicting factors to ensure improvement in consumers’ choice of their noodle brands in Enugu State.
DIGITALIZING ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A CATALYST FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH– A CASE STUDY OF ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA
The advancement of digital technology has changed the entrepreneurial environment and opened new avenues for economic expansion. Incorporating digital technologies into entrepreneurial activities presents innovation, scalability, and sustainability prospects globally, especially in Enugu state Nigeria. The article examined the Digital Ecosystem Model, which includes platforms, financial technology, human capital, and digital infrastructure, as a driver of economic growth. Entrepreneurs can break through conventional obstacles, increase efficiency, and generate employment by incorporating digital tools like e-commerce, mobile banking, blockchain, and artificial intelligence. It demonstrates areas where technology enables entrepreneurs to grow their companies and establish new value chains, highlighting the importance of digital transformation in industries including fintech and e-commerce. It also looks at Nigerian entrepreneurs' opportunities and problems, highlighting how government regulations, digital infrastructure, and finance availability affect the outcome of digital entrepreneurship projects. Ultimately, the paper promotes a holistic strategy for digital entrepreneurship that cultivates sustainability, diversity, and adaptability to changes in the world economy.
CURRENCY SUBSTITUTION ON NON-PERFORMING LOANS IN NIGERIA: THE IMPACT ANALYSIS
Currency substitution is a phenomenon. It is the preference of local residents to desire foreign currencies above their national currency. This is possible where the national currency fails to perform effectively to a great extent the traditional functions of medium of exchange, units of account and store of value. The increase in the choice by the economic agents is suspected to have impact on non-performing loan profile in Nigeria with the recognition of structural breaks within the study period of 2007 – 2022 (16 years) hence the research interest. The researcher adopted the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to execute the study interest with the addition of the pre and post estimation techniques to fine tune the distributional properties. The study found that foreign currency deposits (FCD) had a negative and statistically significant influence on the non-performing loan ratio (NPLR), which signified that currency substitution had a weak and non-direct but significant impact on non-performing loan profiles in the country, evidenced from the negative consequences of change of choice by economic agents to switch from local currency holdings to foreign currency holdings. And further point that there exist other economic variables that influence the non-performing loans. The study recommended that government should create policies that would promote the private and SME sectors to function so as to repay their maturing credits as they fall due
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) TECHNOLOGIES IN NIGERIA AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS: WHY IT MATTERS
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies have transformed the way we live, work, and interact with each other. From virtual assistants to self-driving cars, AI has become an integral part of our daily lives. As AI technologies become more pervasive, there is a growing concern about the ethical implications. Nigeria has yet to fully embrace AI technologies, when compared with the developed world where a lot of works have been taken over by machines. As the transition into the use of AI grows in Nigeria, the ethical considerations surrounding the adoption, data privacy, transparency, accountability etc become paramount. The Nigerian Artificial Intelligence Regulatory Framework is not yet fully codified. However, framework may propose a guiding principle, stressing the importance ofdata privacy, transparency and accountability in various sectors.This paper will discuss the ethical considerations surrounding the use of AI technologies in Nigeria, the implications for individuals and society in general, and will suggest a proactive approach towards a responsible AI development in line with our diverse population and culture.
INVESTIGATING THE EFFICACY OF Ocimumgratissimum AS A NATURAL MOSQUITO REPELLENT
The study investigated the efficacy of Ocimumgratissimum as a natural mosquito repellent. The study was conducted in Enugu, Nigeria between April-May 2024. Bred Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were exposed to candles infused with different concentrations of Ocimumgratissimumextracts. The findings from this study demonstrated a positive correlation between increased extract concentration and mosquito repellence, with a knockdown rate of 11.6% (0.5g extract), 17.1% (1.0g extract), 26.3% (1.5g extract) and 42.3% (2.0g) as the highest test concentration. The findings show strong potentials of Ocimumgratissimumas a mosquito repellent with environmental benefits, offering both a healthy and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic mosquito repellents. Recommendations would be to conduct a long-term field trials to validate laboratory findings, explore commercial production of Ocimumgratissimum based repellents and advocate for the integration of natural repellents in public health strategies.
Biophysical Environment Degradation and Housing Development in Enugu Urban
The essence of this study is to carry out an empirical analysis of biophysical environment degradation and housing development in Enugu Urban. The theoretical framework adopted in this study is the functionalist housing theory. The study adopted the survey method and data was collected from thirty (30) respondents distributed among three estates, namely, Fidelity Estate, Maryland Estate and Bethel Estate all in Enugu Urban, Enugu State Nigeria. Data for this study was analyzed with the ordinal logistic regression. This is justified on the fact that ordinal logistic regression is used to predict an ordinal dependent variable given one or more independent variables. The major findings of the study were that housing development in Enugu metropolis has a negative and significant impact on water quality and housing development in Enugu State has a negative and significant impact on soil quality. It is therefore the recommendation of this study that the housing authorities in Enugu Urban should institute measures to ensure that housing development does not compromise environmental quality, house owners, Estate developers and indeed all residents should be properly sensitized through environmental education on the dangers of abusing environmental standards.
Copyright (c) 2024 IMT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE ARTS AND SCIENCES
Assessment of the Use of E-Banking among Rural Dwellers in Southeast Nigeria
This study sought to examine the status, challenges and prospects of e-banking amongst rural dwellers in southeastern Nigeria. The researchers amongst other things asked questions such as what is the current status of e-banking in rural areas in eastern Nigeria. What are the challenges bedeviling e-banking in rural areas in rural areas in Nigeria? The study is anchored on Technology Acceptance Model and Diffusion of Innovation theory. The researchers adopted the mixed method research design by combining survey and interview methods. The population of the study consists of the five states in southeast Nigeria with a total of 24,738,393 from which a sample size of 399 for the survey aspect of the study was derived using Taro Yaemeni. As for the qualitative aspect of the work, the sample size of 20 respondents was purposively arrived at. The interview guide and questionnaire were used by the researchers to elicit data from the rural dwellers in the selected communities. Findings of the study revealed that rural dwellers make use of e-banking apps and platforms. Findings also revealed that 75.1% of rural dwellers make use of Point of Sale (POS) platform for their financial transactions. Further analysis also revealed that 72.85 of the respondents are afraid of that, as there are fraudulent situations attached to e-transactions. The researchers concluded that rural e-banking is more than just an abstract concept as many banking tools are breaking the boundaries of literacy, space and time to reach virtually all rural areas in southeastern Nigeria.
Cooperative Housing Scheme for Low-Income Earners in the Informal Sectors and Federal Mortgage Bank of Nigeria
This study assessed the cooperative housing scheme for low-income earners in the informal sector and the Federal Mortgage Bank of Nigeria. In most developing countries of the world, the low-income earners often do not have the ability to meet the deposit and income requirements usually demanded by the institution responsible for housing provision in Nigeria. This study is aimed at determining the effect of government support to workers’ housing cooperatives on the effort of providing housing cooperatives in Enugu State. It is also aimed at assessing the ability of the workers to save part of their incomes with housing corporations, in the efforts at provision of cooperative housing in the state. The study used survey research method to collect data from the Enugu State workers by the questionnaires. The population of the study was 16,449 out of which 579 was drawn through Coachranch's finite population correction formula. Data collected from the field were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while three hypotheses were tested using “One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The findings revealed that housing cooperatives have significant effect on efforts at provision of cooperative housing Nigeria. Additionally, government support to low income earners housing cooperative has significant effect on efforts at provision of cooperative housing in Nigeria. The study recommended that government should grant alllow income earners in cooperatives seeking to acquire housing unit for first time tax exemption, and also should focus on loan support of low income earners that are yet to own a house and those who owns housing unit should be exempted.
Local Government and Grassroots Political Participation: Analysis of Isi Uzo Local Government Area, Enugu State Nigeria, 1999 to 2019
Every level of government is constitutionally required to provide essential services to all citizens within their jurisdiction, and this could be satisfactorily achieved through mechanisms that insure citizen participation. Hence, grassroots political participation in local government’s level affairs presupposes direct contact with the people to allow them to be actively involved in initiating and innovating measures that leave beneficial impact. This reality, stirred the thought to examine the extent to which local government administrations particularly that of Isi Uzo Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria encourages grassroots political participation in the current democratic dispensation (1999 and 2019). David Easton’s System theory, which posits that the political system is the basic unit of analysis in understanding the dynamic interactions and effects of all political actors, was adopted as theoretical framework. According to the theory there is an implicit interdependence between the system and its environment and a change in one affects the others. The data for the study were collected using interview, observations, focus group discussions (FGD) and questionnaires as primary source, while textbooks, journals, internet resources are the secondary source. The necessary data were analyzed with content analyses and T-test statistical analyses. The study found out that people do not participate effectively in governance in Isi Uzo LGA. The researcher however recommended credible elections at the grassroots and community involvement in governmental decision making process.
A Comparative Assessment of Broadcast Media and Social Media as Tools for National Development in Nigeria
This study was carried out to make a comparative assessment of broadcast and social media as tools for national development in Nigeria. The researcher was able to discuss the conceptual and theoretical frameworks of this study as well as the objectives of development. In line with different literatures reviewed as they relate to the study, it was established by the researcher that development in Nigeria cannot be achieved without the media in general. This study was anchored on the development media theory. Conclusion was drawn from the findings that: the media in general are effective and efficient tools for national development in Nigeria and that, to a greater extent, broadcast media and social media have been used in the development of Nigeria. Recommendations were made based on data generated from the literatures which were reviewed. Amongst them were: (1)that Nigerians should continue to use both conventional media and social media in their endeavour to achieve national development and (2) that development experts in the country should partner with the media to enable them to come up with development programmes and projects which can speed up the rate of Nigeria’s development.
Visual art plays a very crucial role in communication and often act as an alternative to other languages. While language communicates through words, visual art does it through forms, shapes lines and colours. Visual art language can be perceived via forms, symbols, signs, designs, colours, textures, lines, etc. The nature of visual art and its role in the society have been subjected to various interpretations. Some view visual art as a kind of personal therapy, others as a vehicle of political expression and a catalyst for social and political change. All these are forms of communication and they contain the same truth as a language. Today, in Nigeria, visual art instruction has been so narrowed down in the school curriculums, such that the subject is no longer regarded as an important school subject. This, in effect, diminishes the importance of visual art in the Nigerian society and thus limits its appreciation as a communication tool. The aim of this study is therefore to showcase the importance of visual art, as a means of communication and ready tool for mass mobilization. The same way spoken or written words are used as a means of communication, visual art likewise perform similar functions in communication.
The Nexus between Good Command of English and Social Respectability in the Nigerian Society
Several decades ago, from the pre-colonial to the earliest part of the post-colonial era, individuals were accorded respect on the basis of certain cultural values such as high sense of moral standing, wisdom, custodianship of truth and knowledge of tradition, martial skills for war, holding of titles, and wealth which is largely determined by having large expanse of lands, yam barns, and herds of goats. Contrastively, this is not the case in our contemporary times, with the advent of Western education and the dominance of the white man’s culture and its associated language, the English language. A lot of scholars have extolled the role of English language as a unifying force in Nigeria, but little attention has been directed to the cons and disservices done to our cultural values vis-a-vis social respectability in Nigeria. Apart from the idolization of materialism in the country, a good command of English language is a prime prerequisite for social recognition. The paper therefore seeks to ascertain if this yardstick of good command of English is adequate for measuring individual’s acceptability, and respect in society, especially amongst the elites. The work tries to investigate this using the qualitative research of Sapir-Whorfian theory of language. It was discovered that even though a good command of English can earn an individual respectability in social circles, even on the global scene, it does not guarantee an outstanding personality since there are more enduring traits such as integrity and high moral values, which should mark a celebrated personality.
Effective Feedback for Understanding Emerging Leaders from Nigerian Tertiary Institutions
Leadership commitment is essential to the survival and progress of every country, especially the underdeveloped countries, including Nigeria. Incidentally Nigeria is one of the most populated countries in the world with a fast developing economy after China and India. However there appears to be a virtual vacuum of real, effective and visionary leadership in place. Therefore there is need for the country to make a generational shift and look towards its emerging leaders from the tertiary institutions of higher learning. Without this all important shift there can never be social, political and leadership changes. There will forever be that constant struggle for survival. This work will therefore expose teachers and mentors to feedback mechanism for understanding emerging leaders. The emerging leaders will understand what is expected of them and the most effective ways to achieve good leadership. Finally the next generation of creative and morally responsible leaders will be inspired and committed to the good of Nigeria.
Extent of Implementation of Universal Basic Education Scheme in Nigeria: A Sina-Qua-Non for National Development
The focus of this paper is on the Universal Basic Education (UBE) scheme which is a nine year programme being implemented by the Federal Government of Nigeria, to among other things: eradicate illiteracy, ignorance, reduce the incidence of drop-out-from formal school system; and create the basis for the acquisition of skills and knowledge required for life-long learning. The paper notes that the effective implementation of UBE scheme is bedeviled by myriads of constraints viz: (i) poverty, (ii) lack of commitment by some state governments, (iii) inadequate funding, (iv) ignorance, (v) unqualified teachers, and (vi) inadequate infrastructure. The author has discussed and analysed these constraints and makes some recommendations which when effectively implemented will help in the overall development of the nation. Such implementation is necessary and should be seen as a matter of urgency. This is in view of the fact that basic education is a catalyst for national development.
The Effect of Laboratory Teaching Method on Senior Secondary School Students’ Academic Achievement in Inorganic Chemistry
This study investigated the effect of laboratory teaching method on the academic achievement in inorganic chemistry (acid-base titration) of senior secondary school studentsin Enugu Education Zone of Enugu State, Nigeria. The design for the study was a pre-test post-test non control group quasi-experimental design.The population for the study consists of 1,407 Senior Secondary School Two (SS2) chemistry students from twenty (20) public co-educational schools in the education zone. The instrument used for data collection was Inorganic Chemistry Achievement Test (ICAT). The statistical tools used for data analysis in the study were mean and standard deviation for research questions and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) for testing the null hypotheses at 0.05 significant level. The findings of this study showed that laboratory teaching method had much more effect on Chemistry students’ achievement. The study showed that males and females benefited significantly from the teaching method since it is activity oriented which made them engage in in-depth critical thinking and process skills. Chemistry teachers should therefore incorporate it into the teaching-learning process since it developed students’ scientific and practical skills motivated the students and fostered the spirit of competitiveness among them. Its effectiveness is also not limited by gender.
Who is a Radiologist? The Perception in Enugu, Nigeria
Incorrect perception of the public regarding the radiologist is a source of growing concern. For radiology to enjoy a prestige commensurate to its output, attract quality students and adequate funding, it is imperative for the public to appreciate who a radiologist is. This paper sought to obtain responses on questions from a medical community. Structured questionnaire administered to a total of 511 respondents from University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital and responses thereof were analyzed. There were a total of 511 respondents of which 280 [54.8%] were doctors, 207 [40.5%] medical students, 13 [2.5%] laboratory scientists, 4 [0.8%] anesthesia technicians, and 7[1.4%] nursing students. Of the 511 respondents, 19 [3.7%] indicated that radiologists are not medical doctors. Twenty one respondents [5.8%] were not aware that doctors undergo any further training to become radiologists. While 93 respondents [18.2%] considered radiology to be just a money making field, 14 [2.7%] thought that radiology is unimportant. Thirty one [6.1%] indicated that radiologists lacked basic medical knowledge and 15 [2.9%] felt that anybody or any physician can practice as a radiologist. Fifty [9.8%] saw no difference between a radiologist and a doctor turned sonographer while 25 felt that radiologists were one and the same as radiographers. Findings in this study appears to reinforce the perturbing perception that the radiology specialty and the role of its practitioners as invaluable players in the health team is not yet fully appreciated by some, even in a medical community.
Applied and Implied Interpretations of Fashion Photography in Colonial and Post-Colonial Nigeria
Fashion Photography is an aspect of photography that focuses on style of clothing, personal appearance including hair, body decoration and accessories. It also involves the use of photography to document and promote fashion. Recently, artist photographers found fashion photography as a useful means of artistic expression. Before the invention of photography, graphic artists in Europe had promoted fashion through visual illustration. The practice was common for pioneering fashion magazines such as Vogue and Harper's Bazaar. Various ethnic groups in Nigeria have particular styles of fashion. The Yoruba, Igbo, Hausa Fulani, Ibibio, Edo, Idoma and other groups can be identified merely by their styles of dressing. The paper considers the applied and implied interpretations of fashion photography in Nigeria between 1900 and 1970. It analyses how colonialism altered fashion styles and it concludes by enumerating the implication of photography on the development of fashion in Nigeria.
Apprasial of the Theories and Methods of Writing Skills in English Language
A number of theories and methods have been advanced in an attempt to solve the problems inherent in the acquisition of writing skills, especially in a second language situation. A host of these theories and their associated methods have received scholarly criticisms based on their limitations and inadequacy in fully addressing the concerns in the acquisition of writing skills. This paper attempts to review these theories and methods, with particular emphasis on their suitability and effectiveness in the acquisition of writing skills in English as a second language.
Decision Optimization and Information Management System for Production Industries
This paper solely dealt with the decision optimization and information management system for production industries in Nigeria. The research design adopted was the descriptive research design. Two research objectives were generated to guide the study, to wit: design of an information management system for decision optimization in the industries, and accurate information support system for production optimization in industries. Findings showed that the valuation data requirement correspond to the respective graphical user interface of the design system used. Furthermore, the study provides better information management system for making decisions. Again, the results showed that production level of industries can be enhanced with optimized decisions. Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were made: (1) Industry stakeholders should be informed of the findings from this study through workshop, seminars and conferences; and (2) Improved decisions optimization should be the yearning of any industry that wants to optimize production. In conclusion, the researcher is of the view that if proper sensitization of the industry stakeholders about the findings of the study is carried out, production capacities of our industries shall be increased.